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Razgrad
Razgrad ((ブルガリア語:Разград) ) is a city in northeastern Bulgaria, administrative and industrial centre of the homonymous Razgrad Province.
==Etymology==
The suffix "grad" means city in Bulgarian, while the origin and the meaning of the first part "raz" is obscure.
During the Second Bulgarian Empire, around the present city there was a settlement, mentioned by the names of ''Hrasgrad'', ''Hrazgrad'' and ''Hrizgrad''. The first hypothesis is, that these names come from the name of the Proto-Bulgarian and Slavic god Hors. This deity is of Proto-Iranian (Persian) descent and means sun and sun light.
It is suggested that the mentioned location ''Igrizinus'' in the medieval maps of the Arab geographer Al Idrisi (1100 - 1165) in the surroundings of Razgrad was the city itself. In his maps the names of the settlements are strongly Arabized. It may be an Arabized form of the Latin name ''Abrittus''. Another theory suggests that it is an Arabized form of the Medieval ''Hrizgrad'' and ''Hrazgrad'', because the transliteration kept the syllable ''iz''. In the following periods ''Hrazgrad'' (''Keresdavicha'' within Ivan Shishman rule) was mentioned with the names: ''Hezargad'', ''Herazgrad'', ''Hasgrad'', ''Chetehezar'', ''Krasgrad'', ''Arangrad'', ''Azargrad'', ''Hrazgrad'', ''Krozgrad'', ''Hirazgrad''. The word "hezar" is of Iranian (Persian) origin and means thousand (thousand tents of the army). It is possible, that the word "hezar" derives from "Hisar", which is an Arabic word for fortress. The name ''Hezargrad'' may be also the turkified form of the medieval Bulgarian ''Hrazgrad'' (''Hrizgrad'').
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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